Load Balancing in Internet

The Internet is a network of networks in which users at any one computer can get access to the information from any other computer. It was conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and was first known as the ARPANET. The main aim was to allow the researchers of different universities be able to talk each other. Today, the Internet is a public, cooperative, and self-sustaining facility accessible to hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Technically, the Internet uses a set of protocols called TCP/IP (for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).

As the Internet operates without a central governing body, the most critical consideration in Internet is Load Balancing. Load balancing aims at improving the performance of the Internet by distributing the workload evenly across the network, in order to get optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize response time, avoid overload and increase bandwidth. To scale performance, Network Load Balancing distributes IP traffic across multiple cluster hosts. It also ensures high availability by detecting host failures and automatically redistributing traffic to the surviving hosts. Network Load Balancing brings special value to enterprises deploying TCP/IP services, such as e-commerce applications, that link clients with transaction applications and back-end databases.

Network Load Balancing servers (also called hosts) in a cluster communicate among themselves to provide key benefits, including:
• Scalability. Network Load Balancing scales the performance of a server-based program, such as a Web server, by distributing its client requests across multiple servers within the cluster. As traffic increases, additional servers can be added to the cluster, with up to 32 servers possible in any one cluster.
• High availability. Network Load Balancing provides high availability by automatically detecting the failure of a server and repartitioning client traffic among the remaining servers within ten seconds, while providing users with continuous service.

Network Load Balancing, load-balances incoming client requests by directing a selected percentage of new requests to each cluster host; the load percentage is set in the Network Load Balancing Properties dialog box for each port range to be load-balanced. The algorithm does not respond to changes in the load on each cluster host (such as the CPU load or memory usage). However, the mapping is modified when the cluster membership changes, and load percentages are renormalized accordingly.

Book: Server Load Balancing by Tony Bourke

Web Resource: Server Load Balancing: Algorithms
Load balancing (computing)

Power Point Presentation: Load Balancing Parallel Applications on Heterogeneous Platforms

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